Vaginal discharge raises common questions for women, including what's normal and what's not. Almost 70% of women receiving care at Bamrasnaradura Institute's clinic were referred there from HIV clinics for annual Pap smear and STI screening, including for chlamydia and gonorrhea, as part of an HIV quality improvement project 24 So some HIV-infected women at Bamrasnaradura Institute were likely treated in the previous year for STIs detected prior to presentation at this visit.
In 2000, Jhpiego, the government of Thailand, the Provincial Health Office of Roi Et, and the Royal Thai College of Obstetricians ตกขาวมีสีเขียว and Gynecologists have implemented the SAFE study, which has taken on a screen-and-treat approach for cervical cancer prevention.

Chlamydia and gonorrhea prevalence among HIV-infected women without symptoms or signs receiving care at Bamrasnaradura Institute was significantly lower than chlamydia and gonorrhea prevalence among women receiving care at Siriraj or Rajavithi Hospitals.
There is an increasing attention to the clinical symptoms of women with HIV Women have shorter survival rates than men primarily because they come later for treatment or are less likely to seek it Disease management strategies have also been less well developed for women Recent studies suggest, however, that this survival gap has diminished , but this is also perhaps dependent on aggressive management of HIV disease.
23 Based on the mean log concentration, Lactobacillus was present at a concentration 10 times greater, at log 107 levels, than the concentration of the next microorganism, Gardnerella vaginalis, present at log 106 levels in about one half the patients.

Common symptoms include abnormal genital discharge, burning sensation when urinating, bleeding after intercourse or between periods, rashes and sores in the genital or anal areas, swollen lymph glands in the private parts, and sudden fever or appearance of flu-like symptoms.
Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is the most common cause of abnormal vaginal discharge in reproductive age women 1 Microbiologically, BV is associated with marked changes in microbial flora, characterised by loss or reduction of Lactobacilli and the concurrent high concentration of numerous other bacterial species, mainly Gardnerella vaginalis, Atopobium vaginae, but also anaerobes such as Prevotella spp.