In this blog for stroke survivors, their families and clinical staff, Mark Smith, Consultant Physiotherapist in Stroke Rehabilitation, looks at Cochrane evidence on physical rehabilitation approaches for the recovery of function and mobility following stroke and explores the importance of the findings with respect to service delivery in an ever changing landscape of health and social care. C-Mill therapy is a structured treadmill training program with a specific emphasis on practicing walking adaptability (as detailed in Table 1 and Additional file 1 ), using gait-dependent augmented-reality content projected on the instrumented treadmill surface to elicit step adjustments 1 , 13 - 15 , 25 - 28 Figure 3 shows various exercises of C-Mill therapy, including exercises to practice avoidance of projected visual obstacles (Fig.
In addition, SESs expressed as number of standard deviation units (SDUs) were calculated for studies comparing effects of different intensities left side stroke in rehabilitation in the chronic stage of stroke (>6 months after onset), and those initiated within 6 months of stroke.

Post-stroke rehabilitation is a huge part of this recovery process, and it often begins as early as 24 hours after stroke Stroke physical therapists are able to stimulate affected muscles and nerves to maintain circulation and prevent stiffness, then guide patients through the stages of stroke recovery as they relearn basic muscle movements.
Despite the results, however, there is the recommendation that is necessary to carry out controlled studies with larger samples to strengthen the evidence base of the application of simple and useful techniques to the management of individuals with stroke.

A concern sometimes raised in relation to stroke rehabilitation is that gains achieved during therapy incompletely generalize to the range of demands faced in real-world tasks (Stokes and Baer, 1977 ; Page, 2003 ; Huxlin and Pasternak, 2004 ; Krakauer, 2006 ; Van Peppen et al., 2006 ). Given that therapy-related gains are achieved on the basis of brain plasticity (Hodics et al., 2006 ), this suggests the hypothesis that a highly standardized therapy such as the current robotic intervention will induce motor cortex plasticity for the task employed in therapy but, in the absence of generalization, not for a separate motor task that was not part of therapy.
Huxlin estimates that any patient - regardless of age, blind field size, or how long ago they had a stroke - could have meaningful improvements in sight in about three months if they train twice day, for 30 minutes each time, but recommends patients continue to train as long as they continue to improve.
A recent estimate is that approximately 5% of patients with stroke in the United States receive tPA acutely post-stroke 7 Importantly, half or more of those receiving intravenous tPA acutely post-stroke have significant long-term disability 4 , 5 An even small fraction of patients with acute stroke receive acute endovascular reperfusion therapies 8 , although recent positive trials in this field are stimulating research into increasing the rate with which these interventions are given.

MONTREAL—The optimal length for dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) in patients with mild stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA) is 21 days, according to a prespecified analysis of data from the Platelet-Oriented Inhibition in New TIA and Minor Ischemic Stroke (POINT) trial that was presented at the 11th World Stroke Congress.
Physiotherapists should use their expert clinical reasoning to select individualised, patient-centred, evidence-based physical treatment, with consideration of all available treatment components, and should not limit their practice to a single named” approach.